Protect

ECHO

Summit County
Fathom Restoration
40° 56′ 21″ N
111° 24′ 54″ WECHO RESERVOIR
Donate to Protect Echo
Everything Echo is famous for, the canyon, the trail, the town and the 1857 breastworks, is downstream of this dam and is not under this water. What went under was a railroad, a highway and 1,825 acres of ground. The breastworks are not on the National Register and neither is the dam. Every figure here is quoted from its source.
1927Right of way bought, 1,825 acres for $150,133.52
1857The breastworks, built in weeks and never used in combat
0National Register listings anywhere named for breastworks
8,259Acre feet, the low reading of September 2021
2018The year this became a state park, ninety years after the dam
Live from the lower Weber
The storage record on this reservoir starts in September 1931 and is the longest in this series. The flow card is the river below the dam, at the town.
contacting federal services
Water in the reservoirNRCS
reading the daily storage record
Of capacityReclamation
against 74,000 acre feet
Weber River at EchoUSGS
reading the gauge below the dam
Forecast over the waterNWS
contacting the National Weather Service
About  ·  01

The famous part of Echo is on the other side of the dam

A canyon that carried the Pony Express and the railroad, a wall built in 1857 against an army that never came, and a reservoir that drowned a rail line rather than a town.

Echo Canyon is one of the most important routes in the westward expansion. Native people used it, then explorers, wagon trains, Mormon pioneers, the Pony Express for eighteen months from 1860, and the crews who built the transcontinental railroad . The town of Echo was settled in 1854 by James Bromley, who ran the Weber Stage Station .

None of it is under this reservoir. That is worth stating plainly, because the name attaches all of it to this water.

FeatureWhere it is
Echo Dam40.9655 N
The reservoirUpstream of the dam, filling the Weber valley south to Coalville
Weber River at Echo gauge40.9677 N, below the dam
The town, the canyon, the trailBelow the dam
The 1857 breastworksAbout five kilometres north of the dam, up a side canyon that joins the Weber below it
What actually went under the water was infrastructure and farmland. Reclamation bought the right of way between April and June 1927: 1,825.05 acres for 150,133 dollars and 52 cents . It then relocated a Union Pacific rail line (4.66 miles, 174,900 dollars, including a 56 foot earthfill over Echo Creek), moved the Lincoln Highway between Coalville and Echo (35,700 dollars, and it ran into the railroad's own right of way, settled with a 99 year lease), replaced four miles of telephone line, and installed 10,347 feet of 44 kilovolt power line .

Reclamation's own project history contains no mention of a cemetery relocation, a building removal, or a town being moved. That is a real difference from Rockport, twelve miles upstream, where the federal government bought every property in a town of twenty seven families in 1952 and the townsite is under the water. Echo drowned a railroad, a highway and some fields.

In the autumn of 1857, Mormon militia built low dry stone walls above the emigrant road through Echo Canyon, against an army they expected and never fought. The National Park Service: "Mormon militiamen, fearing an attack on Salt Lake City by the U.S. Army, built the low rubble walls above the emigrant road in 1857" . It describes defensive positions along the canyon rim and a trench across the canyon floor, surviving as rubble wall remnants and a faint horizontal line in the earth.

Summit County adds that the militia dammed the creek with a rock wall at the Narrows, and notes that the stone structures are still visible and were never used in combat . Non agency accounts describe dry masonry of uncut stones stacked without mortar, standing one to two feet high in segments of four to twelve feet, spread over roughly twelve miles of canyon and built by more than twelve hundred men in a few weeks, under Daniel H. Wells .

They are not on the National Register of Historic Places. A nationwide search of the federal register's own spatial service for any listing whose name contains the word breastworks returns zero results . The Park Service's own page for them claims no listing either: it describes the site only as a historic site along four National Historic Trails, which is a different designation .

What is listed, in the town of Echo :

PropertyReferenceListed
Echo Church and School, Temple Lane880030005 January 1989
Echo School, 3441 S. Echo Road970008051 August 1997
Echo Post Office, 3455 S. Echo Road0300015914 August 2003

Echo Dam is not listed either, and that is a determination rather than an omission. Reclamation's 2009 assessment records the dam as "determined ineligible for the NRHP under Criterion C", and the dam tender's residence and outbuildings as ineligible too. One property in the project area was determined eligible: a segment of the historic Echo and Park City Branch of the Union Pacific Railroad, to be avoided by the work . Eligible is not the same as listed, and this page does not conflate them.

Echo Dam belongs to the Weber River Project, authorised and built between 1927 and 1931 . The reservoirs it usually gets grouped with, Wanship and Rockport, Lost Creek and East Canyon, belong to the later and separate Weber Basin Project. Reclamation lists them as different projects .

MeasureFigureSource
Structural height158 ftReclamation
161 ftThe national dam inventory, whose own dam height field says 158
Hydraulic height110 ft or 113 ftReclamation against the dam inventory
Crest length1,887 ftEveryone agrees
Capacity74,000 or 73,940 acre feetReclamation's round figure against the exact one at elevation 5,560 feet
Surface area1,455, 1,410 or 1,394 acresThe dam inventory, the federal water body polygon, and Utah State Parks
Drainage area715.33, 727 or 685 sq miThe dam inventory, the gauge below the dam, and the two gauges above it added together
The dam inventory contradicts itself about the height. Its structural height and its NID height both read 161 feet, and its own dam height field reads 158, which is Reclamation's figure . One federal record, two answers, three fields.

Reclamation's data sheet gives the drainage area as 836 square miles , which is larger than any of the three above and is the figure that circulates most widely. All four are printed here. The gauge immediately below the dam measures 727 , and the two gauges feeding the top of the reservoir add to 685.

In September 2009 Reclamation published an assessment identifying two seismic deficiencies at this dam :

  • The foundation soils under the dam are "potentially liquefiable and could lose strength during strong ground shaking caused by an earthquake."
  • The spillway crest structure walls are "susceptible to failure (deformation or collapse) due to loading resulting from strong ground shaking."

The work: dewater the downstream foundation, relocate the dam tender's residence, excavate a keyway 60 to 70 feet deep and replace the liquefiable soil with engineered fill, build stability berms upstream and downstream, jet grout the spillway foundation, and replace the spillway walls and control sections. Capital cost 22 million dollars, about three construction seasons .

The reservoir had to be taken down to do it. The assessment set drawdown restrictions to elevation 5,500 feet in the first year and again in the third. At 5,500 feet this reservoir holds about 16 percent of capacity .

Three sources give three versions of when and what it cost. The 2009 assessment says 22 million dollars over about three seasons . The national dam inventory records the modification as 2015, seismic and structural . And a widely repeated account attributes a 50 million dollar retrofit beginning in July 2012 to a newspaper report. This page prints the agency figures and notes that the third exists. No completion document could be found.

Echo State Park opened on Saturday 12 May 2018, which makes it one of the newest state parks in Utah . Its first park manager, quoted at the opening: "We are really excited to get things going here at the park. This is something we've been looking forward to."

What came before is the interesting part. Recreation here was run day to day under contract by a Coalville resident, and Reclamation approached Utah State Parks about taking over while it negotiated a buy out of that contract. The deal was finalised on 1 November 2017 and the state parks board adopted the reservoir as a park by resolution on 22 February 2018 .

The land and the water are still federal. Reclamation owns the dam and the reservoir; Utah State Parks manages the recreation on it. The practical consequence is on the fee page: the federal America the Beautiful pass is not accepted here, because this is a state park on federal water .

Day use has gone from 12 dollars a vehicle at the 2018 opening to 20 dollars now . The state's stated reason for taking the park on was pressure elsewhere: a spokesman at the time said they hoped it would "alleviate pressure from the Jordanelle and Deer Creek" .

Science  ·  02

From 73,347 acre feet to 8,259 in two years

The worst outline agreement in this series and the storage record that explains it, a mercury advisory whose evidence is a picture, and two algal advisories in one autumn with no numbers behind either.

The shape at the top of this page was traced by hand for a print, then scaled to the extent of the USGS water body polygon and measured off its own coordinates. This is the worst agreement of any water in this series, by a wide margin.

ScalingTraced areaAgainst the federal polygon
One scale factor, matched on width1,254 acres11.1 percent small
Stretched to fill the extent on both axes1,616 acres14.6 percent large
One scale factor, matched on length2,084 acres47.8 percent large

The two shapes are 29 percent apart on proportion. Put side by side they are obviously the same reservoir, with the same hooked northern end and the same long southern tail. The federal polygon is simply narrower for its length.

They are the same reservoir at two different water levels, and the storage record proves it rather than asserting it. Between January 2020 and July 2026 the federal storage station recorded this reservoir at a maximum of 73,347 acre feet in June 2023 and a minimum of 8,259 acre feet in September 2021 . That is a factor of nearly nine, and a low of about 11 percent of capacity. A reservoir that empties like that does not have one shoreline, and the drawing is a fuller day than the polygon.

Traced from OpenStreetMap geometry under the Open Database License, and that credit travels with any public use of the shape. The federal extent measures 3.87 miles on its long axis. Compare Rockport, twelve miles upstream, where three published surface areas sit within two and a half percent of each other and the traced outline lands within a quarter of one percent: that reservoir fills and spills nearly every year, and this one is drawn down for irrigation. The geometry of a reservoir is a record of how it is operated.

No maximum depth, no mean depth and no shoreline length for Echo Reservoir could be found from any agency: not Reclamation, not the dam inventory, not the water body polygon, not the wildlife division, and not Utah State Parks.

Two things the federal record does say about this reservoir that are worth knowing:

  • Its federal name is the name on the sign. The water body polygon is filed as Echo Reservoir . That is not true twelve miles upstream, where the same federal dataset files Rockport as Rockport Lake and a query on Rockport Reservoir returns nothing at all.
  • Its elevation field is empty. The polygon record for Echo carries no elevation , where Rockport's carries 6,037 feet. Reclamation gives the crest as 5,570 feet and the reference elevation for capacity as 5,560 , and the storage station's own published elevation is 5,570 .
The one depth like figure anyone publishes is a drawdown target. Reclamation's 2009 assessment restricted the reservoir to elevation 5,500 feet during construction and stated that at 5,500 feet it holds about 16 percent of capacity . That is a storage relationship, not a depth, and this page does not present it as one.

Echo Reservoir carries a current mercury fish consumption advisory for brown trout and smallmouth bass . It is one of twelve waters on Utah's current advisory list, and one of only a handful where the advisory covers two species at once.

The numbers behind it could not be obtained, and the reason is worth recording. Every other water body on the state's advisory list links to a document. Echo's links to an image file, a PNG, which a text reader cannot open. That single image is almost certainly where Echo's species table and meal limits live. This page reports the advisory and does not print meal limits it could not read.

And Echo is absent from the state's June 2023 advisory update entirely. All four of its tables were enumerated . Echo would sort between Electric Lake and Forsyth Reservoir in the table of 2021 samples, and it is not there. It is also absent from the environmental department's older contaminant advisory list, which was last updated in April 2018.

The reasonable inference, labelled as an inference: an advisory that is current but appears in neither the 2018 list nor the June 2023 update most likely comes from a sampling round after June 2023. No 2024 or 2025 advisory update document could be found to confirm that. For comparison, Rockport's 2021 figures are fully published: smallmouth bass at 0.699 milligrams a kilogram, above the screening value, against four trout and salmon species that all came back clean .

Echo and Rockport are usually said to have had a shared algal bloom in 2018. The joint advisory was October 2017.

WhenWhat happened
18 to 23 October 2017A single advisory covering both Echo and Rockport, issued by the county health department. No cell counts, no toxin concentrations and no advisory tier are given in the only account of it
2018Rockport had a bloom in June, measured at 7.5 micrograms of microcystin a litre. Echo did not. The state's own 2018 monitoring table records Echo sampled on 17 September 2018 with an advisory status of none
10 June, 15 July, 14 August 2024Monitored, no issues detected
6 September 2024Warning advisory issued. "A harmful algal bloom is present in areas of Echo Reservoir"
17 September 2024Lifted. Two weeks of monitoring showed the bloom was no longer present
22 October 2024Warning advisory issued again
1 November 2024Monitoring ended for the season, with the note that a bloom may still be present
Two advisories in one autumn, and not a single number behind either. The state's page for this reservoir describes the advisories qualitatively and publishes no cell counts and no toxin concentrations . It also notes that E. coli counts were below the recreational thresholds without giving the counts or the thresholds. The year specific archive pages that would carry the earlier numbers are closed to automated reading.

Note the November wording, because it matters in practice. Monitoring stops for the season, and the closing statement is that a bloom may still be present. The absence of an advisory in winter is not a statement that the water is clear.

Station 10131500:UT:BOR has recorded this reservoir's contents since September 1931, the year the dam was finished . Nothing else in this series goes back that far.

It publishes three durations and all three return data, in three different shapes:

DurationRecord beginsWhat a value object actually contains
Daily1 October 1931date and value
Monthly1 September 1931month, year, value. No date
Semimonthly4 October 2017month, monthPart, year, value. No date, and monthPart is a string where the others are integers
The semimonthly series looks like the others and covers eighty six fewer years. Anyone charting this reservoir's history from the semimonthly duration would get a record starting in 2017 and no warning that the daily and monthly series run back to 1931. The daily series is also the only one of the three the service does not mark as derived.

Below the dam, USGS 10132000 gauges the Weber River at Echo, draining 727 square miles . Above the reservoir, 10130500 gauges the Weber near Coalville at 435 square miles and 10131000 gauges Chalk Creek at 250 . Chalk Creek is why this reservoir has more than twice Rockport's catchment while sitting only twelve miles down the same river.

The snow that ends up here falls a long way east. The nearest snow station in the Weber headwaters is Smith Morehouse, 763:UT:SNTL, at 7,640 feet, reporting since 1978 , and a snow course has been read in the same basin since April 1929. Everything it measures passes through Rockport before it reaches this reservoir.

Recreation  ·  03

Where everything is

Eight places, a state park that is eight years old on a dam that is ninety five, and the reservoir twelve miles upstream that feeds it.

The whole reservoir
Midpoint of the USGS National Hydrography Dataset water body extent, GNIS 01427742, derived rather than published
Eight places, and the three that made this canyon famous are all below the dam.
ItemDetail
Open water1,394 surface acres, by Utah State Parks' own figure
Hours6 a.m. to 10 p.m., sixteen hour access, year round
CampingRed Rock Marina Campground, Dry Hollow Campground, beach camping, a group camp, and five cottages
Day use20 dollars a vehicle, 5 walk in or bicycle, 2 a commercial passenger, and 40 dollars for a reservable day use site that comes with a table and a grill and no pavilion
Camping fees40 partial hookups, 50 full hookups, 70 a double site, 20 an extra vehicle
Cottage and group200 dollars a lake cottage, 300 for the Bison Run group campground, up to fifty people
ReservationsOpen 1 May and can be made four months ahead; unreserved sites are first come first served
The state annual pass works here and the federal one does not. Utah State Parks accepts its own annual day use pass and states that the America the Beautiful pass is not accepted . That is the consequence of a state park operating on a federal reservoir.

Utah State Parks publishes no coordinate for this park, and no elevation on the park page. The pins on the map above are federal: the dam from the national inventory, and the gauges from the water survey. The only address given is the state parks head office in Salt Lake City.

Everything in Rockport Reservoir eventually arrives here. Water released from Wanship Dam runs past Wanship, takes Silver Creek, then Chalk Creek at Coalville, and enters the top of this reservoir . It is the only direct channel connection between two reservoirs in this series.

EchoRockport
Built1927 to 1931, Weber River Project1954 to 1957, Weber Basin Project
Capacity74,000 acre feet62,100
Drainage715 to 836 sq mi325 to 339
Federal nameEcho ReservoirRockport Lake
State park since20181966
Under the waterA railroad, a highway and farmlandA town
Mercury advisoryBrown trout and smallmouth bassSmallmouth bass
Dam modifiedYes, 2015, seismicNever recorded
Fishery reportNone foundA 2022 monitoring report with published catch data
What is genuinely shared, and it is a lot. Both are on the same page 20 spearfishing bass closure list . Both are in the guidebook's list of reservoirs where dead yellow perch may be used as bait . Both are classified 1C, 2A, 3A and 4 . Both carry mercury advisories . And both were covered by a single county advisory during the algal bloom of October 2017 .

What is not documented is joint operation. Echo is a Weber River Project facility and Rockport is a Weber Basin Project facility, separate authorisations decades apart . No agency document describing coordinated operation of the two could be found, and this page does not claim it.

Echo Canyon runs north east from the town, below the dam. Its walls are the Echo Canyon Conglomerate, and the canyon is why everything came this way: it is the natural grade from the Wasatch to the Wyoming plains, and it carried the emigrant road, the Pony Express, the Overland Trail and then the transcontinental railroad .

A few things from the county's own account that are worth having :

  • The Echo Church, built 1876, served as a school from 1880 to 1913 and as a chapel until 1963, and is now a museum. It is one of the three National Register listings in the town.
  • The Pony Express ran down this canyon for eighteen months from 1860. A ten word message from Salt Lake City to New York cost five dollars.
  • Wahsatch, up the canyon, was a railroad division point during the construction of 1868 and 1869 and housed hundreds of workers.
The reservoir is not in the canyon. It fills the Weber River valley on the other side of the dam, running south toward Coalville. If you are standing on the water you are looking away from everything in the paragraph above.
Fishing  ·  04

Five species, and not one of them from a survey

No fishery report exists for this reservoir, the species list comes from a fishing forecast, and an automated read of the guidebook invented an entry for the fourth time in this series.

Brown trout

One of the two species Utah's mercury advisory covers here. The division's own fishing forecast for this reservoir does not name it at all, which is how thin the published record on this fishery is.

Under the mercury advisory

Smallmouth bass

The other species under the advisory, and one of four the division names in its forecast. Twelve miles upstream at Rockport, smallmouth bass is the one fish in five that exceeded the mercury screening value.

Under the mercury advisory

Walleye

Named in the division's 2024 forecast with specific advice: quarter to half ounce jigs tipped with worm, along transition zones where rock and cobble give way to sand, early morning and evening. Rockport has kokanee where this has walleye.

Named in the 2024 forecast

Yellow perch

One of the four in the forecast. Echo is also on the guidebook list of reservoirs where dead yellow perch may legally be used as bait.

Legal as dead bait here

Rainbow trout

The stocked fish. The division's forecast notes they head for deeper water as the reservoir warms while the bass and perch move toward the shore.

Stocked

Twelve miles upstream, Rockport has a 2022 monitoring report with published catch, biomass and condition numbers. Lost Creek has a 2023 fishery report. No equivalent for Echo Reservoir could be found, in the division's technical report directory, in site scoped searches, or by trying the same filename patterns the other two use.

So the species list on this page comes from a fishing forecast rather than a survey: the division's northern region bulletin of 3 July 2024, which heads four species for Echo: rainbow trout, smallmouth bass, walleye and yellow perch . Brown trout is the fifth on this page, and it is here because the state's mercury advisory names it , not because the forecast does.

Rockport's 2022 report does not mention Echo either. It was read through to check. There is no cross reference between the two reservoirs in it, and no discussion of the river between them. Two reservoirs twelve miles apart on one river, one with a survey and one without, and no document connecting them.

Also not found for Echo: any record of an illegal introduction, any rotenone or chemical treatment ever, any Utah state record fish, and any confirmation of Blue Ribbon status. The division's Blue Ribbon page explains the designation and does not enumerate the waters ; the list lives inside a map application. The claim that the Weber River between Wanship and Echo is a Blue Ribbon reach appears only in non agency material and could not be confirmed.

Echo Reservoir has no entry of its own in the rules for specific waters. Statewide general limits apply. It appears in the 2026 guidebook exactly twice :

  • The page 20 seasonal bass closure. The listed waters are "closed to the possession of largemouth and smallmouth bass from April 1 through June 27, 2026 (the fourth Saturday in June)" while underwater spearfishing. Echo is third on that list and Rockport is ninth. It applies only to spearfishing.
  • The dead bait list, verbatim: "Dead yellow perch may be used as bait only in Big Sand Wash, Deer Creek, Echo, Fish Lake, Gunnison, Hyrum, Johnson, Jordanelle, Mantua, Mill Meadow, Newton, Pineview, Red Fleet, Rockport, Starvation, Utah Lake, Willard Bay and Yuba reservoirs."
An automated read of the guidebook invented an Echo entry, and this is the fourth time in this series. One read placed an "Echo Reservoir, Summit County" heading on page 36. Page 36 was then transcribed: it runs Lost Creek, Lost Creek Reservoir, Lower Fish Creek, Mammoth Creek, Manning Meadow Reservoir, McGath Lake, Minersville Reservoir. No Echo. Another read produced an out of order list of E waters and manufactured an Echo entry by recycling the page 20 closure text. The negative was then established properly: page 32 was transcribed in full, it runs East Fork Sevier River then Escalante River, and Echo sorts between them. There is nothing between them.

That verification method is now standard on these pages: literal string search, a transcription of the actual page, and a check that the alphabetical neighbours are in the right order. A list that comes back out of order is a list that has been invented.

Recreation  ·  05

What to watch for

One documented death, found by sonar, and a long list of things nobody publishes.

In September 2025 a 56 year old man from Salt Lake County went missing while kayaking on this reservoir. He was last seen at about 4:30 p.m. and reported missing shortly before 5:30 by his adult son. His body was located and recovered at about 1:30 a.m. the following morning .

Four agencies worked it: the county sheriff's search and rescue, the state natural resources law enforcement division, a second county's search and rescue, and the local fire district. Crews "used sonar technology to assist in their search, which extended late into the night" .

That is the third recovery in this series found by sonar rather than by divers. Both of Rockport's modern drownings were the same, twelve miles upstream. On open water in a river valley reservoir, a search is a sonar problem before it is a diving problem, and it is worth a diver led organisation saying so.

Life jacket use and water conditions were not stated in the account, so this page does not infer either. This is the only drowning, fatality or search and rescue incident at Echo Reservoir, Utah that could be sourced. Searches for this reservoir return a great deal about Dillon Reservoir in Summit County, Colorado, and about Echo Canyon Reservoir in Nevada. Neither is this water and neither is on this page.

  • The mercury meal limits. The advisory exists and the document behind it is an image file .
  • Maximum depth, mean depth and shoreline length, from anyone.
  • Any fishery report, any state record, any illegal introduction record, any rotenone history, and any confirmation of Blue Ribbon status.
  • Any cell count or toxin concentration for any bloom at Echo, in any year. The two 2024 advisories are described qualitatively and the year specific archives are closed to automated reading .
  • Echo's current impairment listing and any total maximum daily load. The federal assessment interface returned an authorisation error and the state's 2024 integrated report page carries no assessment tables . Neighbouring East Canyon has TMDLs; nothing for Echo was found.
  • A completion document for the seismic modification, and a reconciliation of the 22 million dollar estimate against the widely repeated 50 million dollar figure.
  • Any agency document describing joint operation of Echo and Rockport.
  • Any coordinate or elevation for the state park, from Utah State Parks.
  • Boat ramp counts, lane numbers, or a low water ramp closure elevation. A ramp and dock existed at the 2018 opening and nothing more detailed is published, on a reservoir that has been down to 11 percent of capacity inside the last six years.
Quagga mussels are not here. The wildlife division states Utah's infested waters are limited to Lake Powell, and neither Echo nor Rockport appears on any infested or detected list . What does apply: the annual mussel aware boater course with proof in the launch vehicle, enrolment in the state programme for motorised vessels, stopping at every operating inspection station, and clean, drain and dry.

This reservoir has been down to eleven percent of capacity inside the last six years.

Fathom Restoration is a Utah 501(c)(3) that runs volunteer dive cleanups and is built to pull what does not belong out of Utah water, statewide.

Donate to Protect Echo

Every figure on this page is quoted from the source named beside it.

FATHOM RESTORATION
Four things on this page are narrower than what is usually written about Echo. Nothing historic is under this reservoir: the town, the canyon, the emigrant road and the 1857 breastworks are all downstream of the dam, and what the reservoir covered was a Union Pacific rail line, the Lincoln Highway, a telephone line and 1,825 acres of ground. The breastworks are not on the National Register, and neither is the dam, which Reclamation affirmatively determined ineligible in 2009. The joint algal bloom advisory that Echo and Rockport are usually said to have shared was October 2017, not 2018, and the state's own 2018 table records Echo's advisory status that year as none. And no mercury meal limits are printed, because the state publishes Echo's advisory document as an image file that could not be read. The outline above was traced for a print and checked against the federal water body polygon; it is 29 percent apart on proportion, which is the widest gap in this series, and the storage record shows why. Nobody publishes a depth for this water. This is a reference for the public and is not a navigation chart.