Protect

JOES VALLEY

Emery County
Fathom Restoration
39° 17′ 35″ N
111° 16′ 48″ WJOES VALLEY RESERVOIR
Donate to Protect Joes Valley
This reservoir sits in a fault trough, and Reclamation's own engineers wrote down what that could mean for the water. Two federal agencies disagree about which creek the dam is on. Every figure here is quoted from the record it appears in.
0.12Kilometres from the dam to the fault zone, by Reclamation's own study
2Federal agencies naming a different creek at the same dam
900Metres of total throw on the fault section at the dam
1984The year the creek below this dam stopped being measured
2Species on the mercury advisory, and it is not on the list most people find
Live from the graben
One station measures this reservoir. There is no flow card because the creek below the dam has not been gauged since November 1984.
contacting federal services
Water in the reservoirNRCS
reading the daily storage record
Of capacityReclamation
against 62,460 acre feet
The creek below the damUSGS
no gauge
Cottonwood Creek near Orangeville, site 09324500, published daily discharge and stopped on 15 November 1984. Nothing continuous has replaced it.
Forecast over the waterNWS
contacting the National Weather Service
About  ·  01

Two agencies, two creeks, one dam

Reclamation and the dam inventory both say this dam impounds Seely Creek. The names system, the water survey and the watershed file all say Seely Creek stops at the west arm and Cottonwood Creek runs through. Nobody argues about Straight Canyon.

Almost everything written about this reservoir says the dam is on Cottonwood Creek. Reclamation's own facility record does not. Its watercourse field reads Seely Creek , and the national dam inventory's watercourse field reads Seely Creek too .

Three other federal records put Seely Creek somewhere else entirely.

  • The geographic names system files Seely Creek in Sanpete County, with its mouth inside this reservoir's west arm and its source twelve kilometres west. It is a tributary that ends here .
  • The water survey names its site above the reservoir "Seely Creek at Joes Valley Reservoir" and its site immediately below the dam "Cottonwood Creek below Joes Valley Reservoir" . The stream that comes out of the dam is Cottonwood Creek.
  • The watershed boundary file has a Seely Creek unit that drains into the unit the reservoir sits in .
This page does not pick a winner and it will not say flatly that Joes Valley Dam is on Cottonwood Creek. Both readings are agency readings. The one description nobody argues with is that the dam sits at the head of Straight Canyon, and that is the phrasing used everywhere on this page where a single answer is needed.

There is an obvious way the two could be reconciled, and it is not published as fact anywhere: the confluence of the two creeks would have been on dry valley floor before 1966, and the names system now puts Seely Creek's mouth inside the pool. That is a guess about how two record sets came apart, not a finding, and no source states it.

Whichever creek it is, this dam sits on it. The previous page in this series, Huntington North, was proved off channel on exactly these four tests, and Joes Valley fails them in the opposite direction.

TestJoes ValleyHuntington North
The dam inventory's watercourse fieldSeely Creek, a named stream "Huntington Creek - Offstream"
The hydrography dataset's network flagOn network Off network
Reclamation's own sentencewater is released from storage onto a natural stream water is released from a ditch into the reservoir
Drainage area at the dam135 to 146 square miles2.3 square miles
The drainage area test is the one that settles it, and it needs three numbers because three federal agencies publish three. Reclamation says 135 square miles , the dam inventory says 144 , and the water survey says 146.00 . An eleven square mile spread, about eight percent, on the same question. All three are the right order of magnitude for a dam that intercepts most of its own subwatershed, and all three are two orders of magnitude above what an off channel pond fed by a ditch would show.

The national dam inventory records the owner type for Joes Valley as Local Government, the regulator as the Utah Division of Water Rights, and federally regulated dam: No . Reclamation's own facility page still lists the owner as its Provo Area Office .

The document that explains the gap is a Reclamation transfer of title agreement , executed under the Title Transfer Act. What it moves, verbatim:

"the Joe's Valley Dam, Reservoir and outlet works, the Huntington North Dam, Dikes, Reservoir and outlet works, the Swasey Diversion Dam, the Cottonwood Creek and Huntington Canal..."

The dam and the reservoir go to the same body by two different instruments, and that is the interesting part. The dam and outlet works pass to the Emery Water Conservancy District in fee, because the Secretary found the land under them "unsuitable for return to the public domain". The reservoir itself sits on Forest Service ground, so it passes as an easement, "for the existence, care, and operation of the Reservoir", and the agreement expressly preserves "Forest Service jurisdiction and use of the Joe's Valley Reservoir for recreation and fish and wildlife purposes" .

So the water is under one agency, the dam under another body entirely, and the recreation stays with a third. That is why the boat ramps on this page are Forest Service and the storage number is Reclamation's.

The authorising act is worth naming because it is not the one you would expect for a small Emery County reservoir: the Colorado River Storage Project Act of 11 April 1956 . Construction commenced 20 June 1963 and was substantially complete in 1966 . No contractor name was found in any Reclamation document.

MeasureReclamation The dam inventory
Structural height192 ft192
Hydraulic height180.4 ft180
Crest length750 ft at elevation 7,004750
Volume of fill1,290,000 cubic yardsEmpty
Capacity62,460 acre feet, total61,538 normal, 74,237 maximum, headline storage field empty
Surface area1,170 acresEmpty

Those two capacity figures are not in conflict. The inventory defines normal storage as everything below the normal retention level and maximum storage as everything below the highest attainable water surface, so 61,538 and 74,237 are the same reservoir measured to two different lines . Reclamation's 62,460 sits about nine hundred acre feet above the normal figure and does not say which line it uses.

Where the dam is, on the other hand, is a real disagreement. Reclamation puts it at 39.28848, -111.26936. The dam inventory puts it at 39.29018, -111.27073. 222 metres apart, on a dam whose crest is 750 feet, which is 229 metres. The disagreement is about one dam long. The gauge station and the water survey site agree with each other to within a metre, because they are the same point wearing two agencies' clothes, so they do not count as a third opinion.

And Reclamation publishes its coordinate to twelve and fourteen decimal places . That is the fourth lake in a row where it has done this.

Two absences worth stating. The reservoir is 1,170 acres by Reclamation, 1,192 by the Forest Service and 1,193 by the hydrography polygon . But no agency publishes a maximum depth or a mean depth for this reservoir at all. The hydraulic height of 180.4 feet is a dam dimension, the drop from maximum design water level to the lowest point of the original streambed, and turning it into a lake depth would be wrong. Dividing capacity by area gives a mean of about 53 feet at full pool, which is this page's arithmetic on two Reclamation numbers and not a measurement anyone took.

Science  ·  02

A reservoir in a fault trough

The fault zone comes within a hundred and twenty metres of the dam, no faults were found in its foundation, and Reclamation named a seiche as a hazard. All three of those are from the same report.

The shape in the header is traced from the Fathom print artwork. Checked against the federal outline , it splits: the proportions are very good and the area is not.

MeasureTracedFederalGap
Width against length0.37740.37031.91%
Share of its bounding box0.4610.41610.8%
Area, matched on width1,301.6 acres1,197.2 acres8.7% over
Area, matched on length1,351.9 acres1,197.2 acres12.9% over
The measuring is not what is wrong. Adding up the federal polygon by hand gives 4.845 square kilometres against the 4.828 the dataset publishes, an agreement of about a third of one percent. So the arithmetic checks out and the disagreement is real: the traced outline draws this reservoir fuller than the federal polygon does. It gets the long thin proportions right to within two percent and then rounds out the narrow places. On a reservoir three and a half miles long and a mile and a quarter wide, that is where the eleven percent lives.

Long axis 3.49 miles, width 1.29 miles, both derived from the federal polygon. This is the second longest lake in this series relative to its width. The reason is in the next panel: it is not a drowned canyon, it is a drowned graben.

Joes Valley Reservoir fills the floor of the Joes Valley graben, a north trending, fault bounded trough cut into the eastern Wasatch Plateau. Note the province: this is the Colorado Plateaus, not the Basin and Range, and all four fault entries below say so independently .

The state and federal surveys jointly catalogue four Quaternary fault structures under the Joes Valley name: the west fault (2453), the intragraben faults (2454), the east fault (2455) and the southern zone. The east fault's Straight Canyon section, which is the section at the dam, is described as "a steep linear escarpment in bedrock and unconsolidated deposits with up to 900 meters of total throw" .

Reclamation commissioned a study of this exact dam, and its two most important sentences point in opposite directions. Both are printed here, adjacent, because carrying only one of them misleads.

"the Joes Valley fault zone approaches within 0.12 km of Joes Valley Dam" . A hundred and twenty metres. The dam crest is 229 metres long, so the fault zone is about half a dam away.

"No faults were observed in the dam foundation during construction." That is a direct observation of this structure, made while it was being built.

And this is the sentence almost nobody has read. Asked what could go wrong, Reclamation's engineering geologists wrote :

"Potential hazards to Joes Valley Dam associated with the MCE's on the Joes Valley faults include slope instability in the vicinity of the dam and surface faulting in the reservoir with resultant seiches on the water surface."

A seiche is a standing wave. Reclamation identified the possibility of a fault rupturing underneath the reservoir and setting the whole body of water rocking. That is an agency statement about this water and it is forty years old.

What this page will not do with any of it. The fault zone is assigned a maximum credible earthquake of surface wave magnitude 7.5 . That is a design input, not a prediction and not a probability, and it is not the same thing as saying a magnitude 7.5 earthquake is expected. Nor are the survey's slip rates and the 900 metres of throw statements about the dam: they characterise a fault zone in a 1999 compilation. The only agency statements about hazard at this dam are the ones quoted above, and they are from 1987.

Utah's codified water quality rule puts Joes Valley Reservoir at 2A, 3A, 4, in a six row Emery County table . This time there are two independent reproductions and they agree on all six rows in the same order, which is better than the previous two pages in this series managed.

WaterClasses
Cleveland Reservoir2B, 3A, 4
Electric Lake2B, 3A, 4Carries a mercury advisory
Huntington Reservoir2B, 3A, 4The Sanpete one, filed in the Emery table
Huntington North Reservoir2A, 3B, 4The only 3B, warm water, in the table
Joes Valley Reservoir2A, 3A, 4Swimming tier, cold water fish
Millsite Reservoir1C, 2A, 3A, 4The only one with a drinking water class
Then the state's own mapping layer disagrees with the state's own rule. Utah's assessment units dataset holds this reservoir as unit UT-L-14060009-017 and gives its beneficial class string as 2A, 2B, 3A, 4 . That is an extra class the codified rule does not carry. Both are Utah water quality department products. Neither explains the other, and this page prints both.

The same layer also gives the reservoir an area of 1,051 acres, which is 142 acres smaller than the hydrography polygon. An assessment unit boundary is not a lake boundary, and nobody should read that number as a surface area.

The rest of the water quality picture is short. No approved total maximum daily load names this water . It is not among the twenty five waters on the state's harmful algal bloom monitoring list, and no Emery County water is . The impairment listing status was not established and this page therefore says nothing about it. The fish advisory is a different story and it is in the fishing section.

Reservoir contents come from soil conservation service station 09323900:UT:BOR, at 6,990 feet . It serves daily, semimonthly and monthly, and daily is the only one flagged not derived, so it is the only one that is observed rather than computed. That is what the card above reads.

The record starts on 20 November 1965 , which is before the dam was substantially complete in 1966 . Storage records that begin during final construction are not unusual and no source explains this one. The same pattern turned up at Causey, whose monthly record starts a month before its dam was finished.

There is no flow card because every flow record here is dead. Cottonwood Creek near Orangeville, site 09324500, draining 208 square miles, published daily discharge and stopped on 15 November 1984 . Nothing continuous has replaced it. The water leaving this dam has not been measured for forty two years.

Three agencies also cannot agree how high the water is. The gauge station says 6,990.00 feet , the hydrography dataset says 2,130.6 metres, which is 6,990.16 , and Reclamation's spillway and outlet reference elevation is 6,989.7 . Three independent numbers within half a foot of each other.

And the Forest Service says 6,960 , thirty feet below all three, on its own page for this reservoir, while its own pages for the marina, both boat ramps and both campgrounds all say 7,000. Those are shoreside sites that sit above the water, so 7,000 is a rounded site elevation and not a conflict. The 6,960 is.

Reclamation's own elevations, which are precise and consistent: spillway and outlet works at 6,989.7 feet, maximum water surface 6,997.4, dam crest 7,004 . That is 7.7 feet of surcharge above the reference elevation and another 6.6 feet of freeboard to the crest.

Recreation  ·  03

Where everything is

Nine places, one of them the same dam twice, and none of them a boulder field, because no agency publishes where those are.

The whole reservoir
USGS Geographic Names Information System feature 1442164
Nine places, one of them the same dam twice, and none of them a boulder field, because no agency publishes where those are.

Three bodies have a role here and they do not overlap. The Emery Water Conservancy District holds the dam and outlet works . Reclamation built it and still publishes its data . The Forest Service runs everything a visitor touches, through the Ferron Ranger District of the Manti-La Sal National Forest .

That division is not inferred. Reclamation's transfer agreement writes it down, preserving "Forest Service jurisdiction and use of the Joe's Valley Reservoir for recreation and fish and wildlife purposes" .

Two boat ramps, one on each side, and a marina that is gone. The Forest Service publishes coordinates for a west ramp and an east ramp, a campground and a group pavilion site . It also still publishes a page for a marina and marks it permanently closed. The reservoir is fourteen miles northwest of Orangeville on State Route 29, and the Forest Service says it is one of the earliest areas on the Wasatch Plateau to open for recreation.

No agency source states that this reservoir freezes, supports ice fishing, or carries any ice safety guidance. Ice fishing here is widely described in non agency writing and the Forest Service gives a May season of use, which implies a winter but does not describe one. At almost seven thousand feet this is a cold water reservoir, and the absence of agency ice guidance is worth knowing before anyone walks out on it.

Joes Valley is an internationally known bouldering destination. The question worth asking is not whether climbers come. It is whether an agency has had to manage the crowd, and the answer is that two have, in two jurisdictions.

The Forest Service page reads like a climbing guide, which is not how forest recreation pages read : "the rock is textured but skin-friendly, it's featured yet strong, and the landings are generally fantastic." It names five zones by the names climbers gave them, Trent's Mom, Big Joe, Eden Zone, Hillside/Hulk and Riverside, and states that "Workers have recently put in a bathroom, and worked on access trails and landing zones in both Straight Canyon and Cottonwood Canyon."

Working on landing zones is a climbing specific intervention. A national forest does not build one unless the use is heavy enough to require it. The forest's own project archive puts it plainly : "Bouldering and camping at Joe's Valley have contributed to recreation resource impacts throughout the area."

And the land management bureau, whose ground abuts, sought public comment on a Joe's Valley bouldering plan citing "undesignated trails and campsites, soil erosion, and human waste issues" . Two federal agencies, two management responses, one boulder field.

No pin on the map above is a boulder field, and that is deliberate. The Forest Service names five climbing zones and publishes a coordinate for none of them. Every pin on this page is a bare decimal coordinate that came from an agency, so a boulder field pin would have to be invented, and it is not. The rock is sandstone, which the Forest Service does say .

Joes Valley is not open to underwater spearfishing. Utah's rule lists forty two waters, lettered (a) through (pp), and says those are the only waters open for game or nongame fish, carp excepted . Joes Valley is not among them, and it is not on the guidebook's page 19 list either .

Neither is it in the zoned waters rule. That rule has eighteen sections, each naming a specific water and imposing a specific boating restriction, and none of them is Joes Valley . No motor limit, wake restriction or speed zone for this reservoir was found in any source. That is an absence, not a permission.

The neighbouring page is worth the comparison: Huntington North is not in the zoned waters rule either, but the rule does contain a section reading "Huntington Reservoir" with no county attached, which almost certainly belongs to a different lake. Joes Valley has no such ambiguity, because nothing in the rule mentions it at all.

No diving rule specific to this water was found in any source. Not in the zoned waters rule, not in the spearfishing rule, not on any Forest Service page. This page states that as an absence: it does not mean diving is permitted and it does not mean it is prohibited.

Fishing  ·  04

Four species, two of them on a mercury advisory

The advisory is on a state list that most searches do not return, and finding it here forced a correction to a page published two lakes ago.

Splake

On the state's fish advisory for mercury, which is how this page knows it is here: an advisory takes tissue sampling . The Forest Service names it too and volunteers the definition, "hybrid between Brook and Lake Trout", and adds that "Trophy splake have reached 16 pounds" .

On the mercury advisory

Tiger muskie

The other species on the mercury advisory , and a genuinely odd fish to find in a cold reservoir at seven thousand feet. Three federal and state sources name it and none contradicts. Do not confuse it with the tiger trout beside it: both are here and they are not related.

On the mercury advisory

Tiger trout

Here because the wildlife division records a state catch and release record from this water: 31.5 inches, caught 30 December, released . A December record is its own small piece of evidence about what this reservoir is like in winter.

State record, 31.5 inches

Cutthroat trout

Named by the Forest Service, and by nobody else . No subspecies is drawn or named, because no agency source names one for this water. The division plainly does track them, distinguishing Bonneville from Colorado River in its own record list. It has just not been found doing it here.

Forest Service only

Utah's environmental quality department publishes a fish advisories page. Entry thirteen reads, verbatim :

"Joe's Valley Reservoir - Splake Trout, Tiger Muskie (Mercury)"

Two Utah agencies publish two advisory lists and they do not agree. The health department's page carries twelve waters from a 2022 mercury analysis and does not name this one . The environmental department's page carries roughly fifty water and species entries, is dated 4/23/18, and does . The older list is the longer one. The health department's own page tells readers to go to the environmental department for the current list, and neither page explains the relationship.

This mattered beyond this page. Working from the twelve water list alone, the Causey page in this series was published saying that reservoir has no fish consumption advisory. The longer list names Causey for brown trout. That page has been corrected.

What this page will not print is the meal limits. The dedicated advisory page for this reservoir is closed to automated reading, so the numbers behind the listing could not be obtained, and the health department's June 2023 update does not carry this water under either spelling of its name. The publishable statement is that an advisory exists, that it names splake and tiger muskie, that the contaminant is mercury, and that anyone who wants the limits should go to the department directly .

The 2026 guidebook's entire water specific regulation for Joes Valley Reservoir is one line :

"Limit 1 trout over 18 inches (goes toward the statewide trout limit)."

It is routinely called a slot limit and it is not one. A slot limit protects fish within a size band and allows harvest above and below it. This rule allows one fish over eighteen inches and says nothing about a band. It is a maximum size allowance, and this page describes it exactly as written.

And no agency states what it is for. Not the guidebook, not a division news release, not a management plan. The obvious reading, that it protects large splake and tiger trout in a trophy fishery, is an inference, and it is not presented here as agency reasoning.

An older version of the guidebook carries different wording for the same water, which is why this page cites the year. The entry was checked four ways, including a question phrased so that "no" was the easy answer, and it survives.

Rainbow, brown, brook and lake trout are not drawn on this page. No agency names any of them in this water. Splake are a brook by lake trout hybrid, and the presence of a hybrid is not evidence that either parent is here.

Utah chub is not drawn either, and refusing to draw it is the point. Splake and tiger trout are both stocked in Utah waters as predators on chub. This reservoir has both. It would take one sentence to get from there to "so there is a chub problem at Joes Valley", and that sentence would be invented: no agency source names Utah chub in this water, and none describes any chemical treatment, rotenone application or renovation here. The neighbouring Navajo Lake page in this series does carry a chub story, and it carries it because the division wrote one down.

Two further absences. No fishery monitoring report for this reservoir was found, and this time the search was exhaustive: ten filename forms were tried against the division's own server, covering underscores, a literal space before the year, hyphens, with and without the word reservoir, three years and both document formats. Every one returned nothing, while the same attack found real files for other waters, so the server is not the problem. And Blue Ribbon status is unresolved: the division states a count of designated waters and does not print the list . Unresolved is the honest answer.

Recreation  ·  05

What to watch for

Nothing found in searchable press, a forty year old agency sentence about standing waves, and an advisory on two of the four fish.

No incident of any kind at Joes Valley Reservoir was found in searchable press. No drowning, no missing person, no body recovery, no vehicle in the water, no boating fatality, no through the ice incident, and no dive operation.

That is a weaker statement than it looks and this page will not strengthen it. Six searches were run under both spellings of the name. Every result was either content about this reservoir that is not about an incident, or an incident at a different water entirely.

The near misses are worth naming, because two of them are traps. Searches for this water return incidents at Huntington State Park, which is a genuine Emery County neighbour and the previous page in this series, and at Joe Pool Lake in Texas, which is not in Utah at all. A list assembled from search results without opening each one would put both on this page.

The state's own boating accident report was checked and returned nothing, and that check does not count: the document has no machine readable text, so a negative from it is a negative from a document that could not be read. It is not cited here as evidence.

The publishable sentence is "no incident found in searchable press." It is not "nothing has happened here", and no agency incident record, sheriff's log or dive team report for this reservoir was located.

The one hazard statement about this water that comes from an agency is forty years old and it is in a Reclamation seismotectonic report written specifically for this dam . Verbatim:

"Potential hazards to Joes Valley Dam associated with the MCE's on the Joes Valley faults include slope instability in the vicinity of the dam and surface faulting in the reservoir with resultant seiches on the water surface."

Read that carefully. The hazard Reclamation names is not the dam failing. It is the ground moving under the water, and the water responding as a whole. A seiche is a standing wave in an enclosed basin, and a large one arrives without any of the warning a storm gives.

The same report says no faults were observed in the dam foundation during construction . Both sentences are true and both are on this page, because either one alone gives a false impression.

What is not known. The peak horizontal acceleration for this dam site is not stated in the text retrieved, and no current dam safety condition assessment for Joes Valley was obtained. The 1987 study is the most recent agency assessment of seismic hazard at this structure that this page could find, which is itself worth knowing.

There is a mercury advisory on two species here, splake and tiger muskie . Both are drawn above and both are flagged.

What that means and does not mean. A fish consumption advisory is about eating fish, not about swimming, boating or diving. It exists because someone sampled fish tissue and found mercury above a screening level. It is not a statement that the water is contaminated, and mercury in fish is a widespread condition in western reservoirs driven largely by atmospheric deposition.

The limits are not on this page because the department's own page carrying them could not be read. Anyone planning to eat fish from this reservoir should get the numbers from the department .

The neighbours are on the same list. Electric Lake carries one for cutthroat and tiger trout. Millsite Reservoir, the other Emery County water in the same classification table, carries one for splake, the same species as here . Three Emery County reservoirs, three mercury advisories, and no agency document found explains the pattern.

Reclamation named the hazard here in 1987. Almost nobody has read the sentence since.

Fathom Restoration is a Utah 501(c)(3) that runs volunteer dive cleanups and is built to pull what does not belong out of Utah water, statewide.

Donate to Protect Joes Valley

Every figure on this page is quoted from the source named beside it.

FATHOM RESTORATION
Six things on this page are narrower than what is usually written about Joes Valley. This page does not state which creek the dam is on, because Reclamation and the dam inventory say Seely Creek and the names system, the water survey and the watershed file all treat Cottonwood Creek as the through flowing stream. The reservoir is not called 54,920 acre feet, which is a figure that matches no agency record. The hydraulic height of 180.4 feet is a dam dimension and is not this reservoir's depth; no agency publishes a depth for it at all. The fault zone figures on this page characterise a fault zone and are not statements about the dam's safety; the only agency statements about hazard at this dam are from a 1987 Reclamation study and both of them are quoted. The eighteen inch rule is not a slot limit. And no agency names Utah chub in this water, so this page does not, despite two species being present that are stocked elsewhere to control it. This is a reference for the public and is not a navigation chart.